It is the eponym of the lanthanide series, a group of 15 similar elements between lanthanum and lutetium in the periodic table, of which lanthanum is the first and the prototype. In nuclear industry cadmium is commonly used as a thermal neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorption cross-section of 113Cd. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. Chromium is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle metal4 which takes a high polish, resists tarnishing, and has a high melting point. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. These two forces compete, leading to various stability of nuclei. Thorium is a naturally-occurring element and it is estimated to be about three times more abundant than uranium. It is a strong oxidizing agent with high electronegativity and forms O2 at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). It could be part of the main body, but then the periodic table would be rather long and cumbersome. 13M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.ii: Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the isotopes 35Cl and 37Cl. The chemical symbol for Selenium is Se. The chemical symbol for Plutonium is Pu. The chemical symbol for Oxygen is O. The chemical symbol for Lanthanum is La. The chemical symbol for Phosphorus is P. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. Discoverer: Davy, Sir H. and Thénard, L.-J. In nuclear industry boron is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to the high neutron cross-section of isotope 10B. Number of Neutrons in Oxygen. The chemical symbol for Gallium is Ga. Gallium has similarities to the other metals of the group, aluminium, indium, and thallium. The chemical symbol for Dysprosium is Dy. Properties of atomic nuclei (atomic mass, nuclear cross-sections) are determined by the number of protons and number of neutrons (neutron number). Oxygen accounts for about 23% of the atmosphere's mass with pairs of oxygen atoms stuck together to make dioxygen molecules, but it's not just in the air, we breathe. The current IUPAC Gold Book definition of oxidation state is: “Oxidation state of an atom is the charge of this atom after ionic approximation of its heteronuclear bonds…”. To identify the stability of an isotope it is needed to find the ratio of neutrons to protons. Einsteinium is a chemical element with atomic number 99 which means there are 99 protons and 99 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Tellurium is Te.
Oxygen - Mass Number - Neutron Number - O. The chemical symbol for Carbon is C. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Because of its closed-shell electron configuration, its density and melting and boiling points differ significantly from those of most other lanthanides. Xenon is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere in trace amounts. Berkelium is a chemical element with atomic number 97 which means there are 97 protons and 97 electrons in the atomic structure. Lawrencium is the final member of the actinide series. This discussion on Calculate the number of neutrons present on 12×10^25 atoms of oxygen? The total number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the neutron number of the atom and is given the symbol N. Neutron number plus atomic number equals atomic mass number: N+Z=A. Gadolinium belongs to a rare earth elements (it is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table). In this video weâll use the Periodic table and a few simple rules to find the protons, electrons, and neutrons for the element Oxygen (O). Samarium is a chemical element with atomic number 62 which means there are 62 protons and 62 electrons in the atomic structure. Atomic number of oxygen = 8. Mass Number Equals Protons plus Neutrons Each atom also has a mass number, denoted by the symbol A. Titanium can be used in surface condensers. Antimony is a lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite. Gold is thought to have been produced in supernova nucleosynthesis, from the collision of neutron stars. All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226. The chemical symbol for Lithium is Li. The chemical symbol for Bismuth is Bi. The mention of names of specific companies or products does not imply any intention to infringe their proprietary rights. Chemically, indium is similar to gallium and thallium. Only two stable nuclides have fewer neutrons than protons: hydrogen-1 and helium-3. Iridium is a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium). Nickel is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Oxygen-17 is composed of 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Plutonium is a chemical element with atomic number 94 which means there are 94 protons and 94 electrons in the atomic structure. Astatine is a chemical element with atomic number 85 which means there are 85 protons and 85 electrons in the atomic structure. Neodymium is a chemical element with atomic number 60 which means there are 60 protons and 60 electrons in the atomic structure. Isotopes are nuclides that have the same atomic number and are therefore the same element, but differ in the number of neutrons. Mass was no longer considered unchangeable in the closed system. It is even less abundant than the so-called rare earths. Its abundance in rocky planets like Earth is due to its abundant production by fusion in high-mass stars. Neutron number is rarely written explicitly in nuclide symbol notation, but appears as a subscript to the right of the element symbol. There are two reasons for the difference between mass number and isotopic mass, known as the mass defect: Note that, it was found the rest mass of an atomic nucleus is measurably smaller than the sum of the rest masses of its constituent protons, neutrons and electrons. Barium is a chemical element with atomic number 56 which means there are 56 protons and 56 electrons in the atomic structure. Gadolinium is a chemical element with atomic number 64 which means there are 64 protons and 64 electrons in the atomic structure. An atom of an element in a compound will have a positive oxidation state if it has had electrons removed. Niobium is a chemical element with atomic number 41 which means there are 41 protons and 41 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Iron is Fe. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. Main Menu. In fact their absorption cross-sections are the highest among all stable isotopes. The chemical symbol for Holmium is Ho. (1969), Discoverer: Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1967)/Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (1970), Discoverer: Armbruster, Paula and Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried, Element Category: unknown, probably a transition metal, Discoverer: David Anderson, Ruhani Rabin, Team Updraft, Element Category: unknown, probably a post-transition metal, Discoverer: Hisinger, Wilhelm and Berzelius, Jöns Jacob/Klaproth, Martin Heinrich. Tin is a chemical element with atomic number 50 which means there are 50 protons and 50 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Beryllium is Be. Now, we have to calculate the number of electrons in ions. How many neutrons are there in the oxygen atom? These extra neutrons are necessary for stability of the heavier nuclei. Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name, kohl. The chemical symbol for Oxygen is O. Tin is a post-transition metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Neptunium metal is silvery and tarnishes when exposed to air. An element that is not combined with any other different elements has an oxidation state of 0. Now you can figure out how many electrons, protons and neutrons Oxygen has: Atomic number (which is always the smaller of the two numbers) is 8. 2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. The chemical symbol for Lawrencium is Lr. Entire website is based on our own personal perspectives, and do not represent the views of any company of nuclear industry. Francium is the second-least electronegative element, behind only caesium, and is the second rarest naturally occurring element (after astatine). Ruthenium is a chemical element with atomic number 44 which means there are 44 protons and 44 electrons in the atomic structure. There are over 100 different borate minerals, but the most common are: borax, kernite, ulexite etc. Mercury is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and is stored in mineral oil. The difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy which holds the nucleus together. The Questions and Answers of Calculate the number of neutrons present on 12×10^25 atoms of oxygen? All of the alkali metals have a single valence electron in the outer electron shell, which is easily removed to create an ion with a positive charge – a cation, which combines with anions to form salts. Tantalum is a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. Copper is a chemical element with atomic number 29 which means there are 29 protons and 29 electrons in the atomic structure. 2 18 10 12 Answer : C Solution : n=18-8=10 Related Video. It has a positive electric charge (+1e) and a rest mass equal to 1.67262 × 10−27 kg (938.272 MeV/c2)— marginally lighter than that of the neutron but nearly 1836 times greater than that of the electron. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10-19 coulombs. Oxidation states are typically represented by integers which may be positive, zero, or negative. Selenium is a chemical element with atomic number 34 which means there are 34 protons and 34 electrons in the atomic structure. Many other rare types of decay, such as spontaneous fission or neutron emission are known. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other high-temperature industrial processes where ordinarily unreactive substances become reactive; for example, an argon atmosphere is used in graphite electric furnaces to prevent the graphite from burning. Antimony is a chemical element with atomic number 51 which means there are 51 protons and 51 electrons in the atomic structure. Cerium is also traditionally considered one of the rare-earth elements. Very soft and malleable, indium has a melting point higher than sodium and gallium, but lower than lithium and tin. Bismuth is a pentavalent post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, chemically resembles its lighter homologs arsenic and antimony. Americium is a transuranic member of the actinide series, in the periodic table located under the lanthanide element europium, and thus by analogy was named after the Americas. Because the atom is neutral, there are also 8 electrons. The bulk properties of astatine are not known with any certainty. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth’s crust and the third most abundant metal, after iron and aluminium. Tantalum is a chemical element with atomic number 73 which means there are 73 protons and 73 electrons in the atomic structure. Mass numbers of typical isotopes of Oxygen are 16; 17; 18. Mercury is a heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. 1.1k SHARES. A is the mass number, the number of protons plus neutrons. Strontium is a chemical element with atomic number 38 which means there are 38 protons and 38 electrons in the atomic structure. Discoverer: Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1964)/Albert Ghiorso et. Atomic nuclei consist of protons and neutrons, which attract each other through the nuclear force, while protons repel each other via the electric force due to their positive charge. The chemical symbol for Niobium is Nb. Lutetium is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. Actinium is a soft, silvery-white radioactive metal. The chemical symbol for Mendelevium is Md. Chromium is a chemical element with atomic number 24 which means there are 24 protons and 24 electrons in the atomic structure. Terbium is a silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife. 26 B. The nucleus contains protons ⦠Chemistry. [Xe] 6s2 for barium). Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element on the Earth’s crust. Calcium is an alkaline earth metal, it is a reactive pale yellow metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. We have also distinguish between the possible and common oxidation states of every element. Lutetium is a chemical element with atomic number 71 which means there are 71 protons and 71 electrons in the atomic structure. Ruthenium is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. and the term oxidation number is nearly synonymous. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element, with a density of 22.59 g/cm3. Cerium is a chemical element with atomic number 58 which means there are 58 protons and 58 electrons in the atomic structure. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. Oxygen: Symbol: O Atomic Number: 8: Atomic Mass: 15.999 atomic mass units: Number of Protons: 8: Number of Neutrons: 8: Number of Electrons: 8: Melting Point-218.4° C: Boiling Point-183.0° C: Density: 1.429 grams per cubic centimeter: Normal Phase: Gas: Family: Nonmetal: Period: 2: ⦠The chemical symbol for Astatine is At. Praseodymium is a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties. Radium is a chemical element with atomic number 88 which means there are 88 protons and 88 electrons in the atomic structure. Sulfur is a chemical element with atomic number 16 which means there are 16 protons and 16 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Nitrogen is N. Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless unreactive gas that forms about 78% of the earth’s atmosphere. The chemical symbol for Hydrogen is H. With a standard atomic weight of circa 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons that it contains. Platinum is one of the least reactive metals. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal. Francium is a chemical element with atomic number 87 which means there are 87 protons and 87 electrons in the atomic structure. But its density pales by comparison to the densities of exotic astronomical objects such as white dwarf stars and neutron stars. The total number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the neutron number of the atom and is given the symbol N. Phosphorus is a chemical element with atomic number 15 which means there are 15 protons and 15 electrons in the atomic structure. Francium is a highly radioactive metal that decays into astatine, radium, and radon. A major development was the discovery that steel could be made highly resistant to corrosion and discoloration by adding metallic chromium to form stainless steel. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of world production of the element (about 80%) is used in steel alloys, including high-strength alloys and superalloys. Because of its high chemical reactivity, barium is never found in nature as a free element. Hafnium’s large neutron capture cross-section makes it a good material for neutron absorption in control rods in nuclear power plants, but at the same time requires that it be removed from the neutron-transparent corrosion-resistant zirconium alloys used in nuclear reactors. For other isotopes, the isotopic mass usually differs and is usually within 0.1 u of the mass number. Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. This website was founded as a non-profit project, build entirely by a group of nuclear engineers. These elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively known as the rare earth elements. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. It is frequently used in positron emission tomography, or PET imaging. Thorium is a chemical element with atomic number 90 which means there are 90 protons and 90 electrons in the atomic structure. Magnesium is a chemical element with atomic number 12 which means there are 12 protons and 12 electrons in the atomic structure. E. Discoverer: De Marignac, Charles Galissard, Discoverer: De Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard, Discoverer: Göhring, Otto and Fajans, Kasimir. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity. Iridium is a chemical element with atomic number 77 which means there are 77 protons and 77 electrons in the atomic structure. Metal oxides typically contain an anion of oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. The chemical symbol for Germanium is Ge. Chlorine is a chemical element with atomic number 17 which means there are 17 protons and 17 electrons in the atomic structure. The proton has a mean square radius of about 0.87 × 10−15 m, or 0.87 fm, and it is a spin – ½ fermion. These have similar chemical properties, but palladium has the lowest melting point and is the least dense of them. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth’s outer and inner core. Gold is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. We realize that the basics in the materials science can help people to understand many common problems. Elemental rubidium is highly reactive, with properties similar to those of other alkali metals, including rapid oxidation in air. Zirconium is a chemical element with atomic number 40 which means there are 40 protons and 40 electrons in the atomic structure. It can be observed from the chart that there are more neutrons than protons in nuclides with Z greater than about 20 (Calcium). Silicon is a chemical element with atomic number 14 which means there are 14 protons and 14 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Praseodymium is Pr. Oxygen-16 is composed of 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. The chemical symbol for Polonium is Po. Lawrencium is a chemical element with atomic number 103 which means there are 103 protons and 103 electrons in the atomic structure. For stable elements, there is usually a variety of stable isotopes. The atomic number is the number of protons and the atomic weight is protons and neutrons combined. The chemical symbol for Protactinium is Pa. Protactinium is a dense, silvery-gray metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor and inorganic acids. It explains how we use cookies (and other locally stored data technologies), how third-party cookies are used on our Website, and how you can manage your cookie options. Bismuth is a chemical element with atomic number 83 which means there are 83 protons and 83 electrons in the atomic structure. for Oxygen is 15, the atomic number for ⦠Nobelium is a chemical element with atomic number 102 which means there are 102 protons and 102 electrons in the atomic structure. Well the Periodic Table tells me UNEQUIVOCALLY, that the atomic number, Z, for oxygen is 8, and thus the nucleus contains 8 neutrons. 113Cd has specific absorption cross-section. Krypton is a member of group 18 (noble gases) elements. Discoverer: McMillan, Edwin M. and Abelson, Philip H. Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edward M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wohl, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Bernard G. Harvey, Gregory R. Choppin, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbørn Sikkeland, John R. Walton, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, Robert M. Latimer, Copyright 2021 Periodic Table | All Rights Reserved |. Samarium is a typical member of the lanthanide series, it is a moderately hard silvery metal that readily oxidizes in air. Rubidium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali metal group, with an atomic mass of 85.4678. Lead is widely used as a gamma shield. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. Electron configuration of Oxygen is [He] 2s2 2p4. Fluorine is a chemical element with atomic number 9 which means there are 9 protons and 9 electrons in the atomic structure. Therefore, the number of electrons in neutral atom of Oxygen is 8. 2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. Therefore there are 9 neutrons ina single atom of oxygen. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Praseodymium is a chemical element with atomic number 59 which means there are 59 protons and 59 electrons in the atomic structure. Lead is soft and malleable, and has a relatively low melting point. The chemical symbol for Promethium is Pm. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity, behind only oxygen and fluorine. If you want to get in touch with us, please do not hesitate to contact us via e-mail: Discoverer: Ramsey, Sir William and Cleve, Per Teodor. Zinc is a chemical element with atomic number 30 which means there are 30 protons and 30 electrons in the atomic structure. Rhenium is a chemical element with atomic number 75 which means there are 75 protons and 75 electrons in the atomic structure. The relative and absolute abundance of 16O is high because it is a principal product of stellar evolution. Osmium is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. The size and mass of atoms are so small that the use of normal measuring units, while possible, is often inconvenient. The chemical symbol for Rhenium is Re. It is a lanthanide, a rare earth element, originally found in the gadolinite mine in Ytterby in Sweden. The chemical symbol for Cobalt is Co. Cobalt is found in the Earth’s crust only in chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. Cerium is the second element in the lanthanide series. Our Privacy Policy is a legal statement that explains what kind of information about you we collect, when you visit our Website. Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas. Rhenium is a silvery-white, heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table. According to the Einstein relationship (E=mc2), this binding energy is proportional to this mass difference and it is known as the mass defect. Heavy nuclei with an even number of protons and an even number of neutrons are (due to Pauli exclusion principle) very stable thanks to the occurrence of ‘paired spin’. The most commonly used spontaneous fission neutron source is the radioactive isotope californium-252. Silicon is a hard and brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic lustre, it is a tetravalent metalloid and semiconductor. Approximately 60–70% of thallium production is used in the electronics industry. 1) You may use almost everything for non-commercial and educational use. âNote: Once again, while the question says that the mass no. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. Name: Oxygen Symbol: O Atomic Number: 8 Atomic Mass: 15.9994 amu Melting Point:-218.4 °C (54.750008 K, -361.12 °F) Boiling Point:-183.0 °C (90.15 K, -297.4 °F) Number of Protons/Electrons: 8 Number of Neutrons: 8 Classification: Non-metal Crystal Structure: Cubic Density @ 293 K: 1.429 g/cm 3 Color: colorless Atomic Structure Terbium is a chemical element with atomic number 65 which means there are 65 protons and 65 electrons in the atomic structure. Lanthanum is a chemical element with atomic number 57 which means there are 57 protons and 57 electrons in the atomic structure. The difference between the neutron number and the atomic number is known as the neutron excess: D = N – Z = A – 2Z. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula S8. Unstable isotopes decay through various radioactive decay pathways, most commonly alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decay or electron capture. Knowledge of the electron configuration of different atoms is useful in understanding the structure of the periodic table of elements. Oxygen - Mass Number - Neutron Number - O. Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although small amounts are used as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion. Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium. Nearly all technetium is produced synthetically, and only minute amounts are found in the Earth’s crust. Chemically, sulfur reacts with all elements except for gold, platinum, iridium, tellurium, and the noble gases. Neutrons stabilize the nucleus, because they attract each other and protons , which helps offset the electrical repulsion between protons. Uranium is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. These two forces compete, leading to various stability of nuclei. The chemical symbol for Berkelium is Bk. And now, this can be a primary graphic. These condensers use tubes that are usually made of stainless steel, copper alloys, or titanium depending on several selection criteria (such as thermal conductivity or corrosion resistance). Main purpose of this project is to help the public learn some interesting and important information about chemical elements, ionizing radiation, thermal engineering, reactor physics and nuclear energy. The chemical symbol for Neon is Ne. Protactinium is a chemical element with atomic number 91 which means there are 91 protons and 91 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Vanadium is V. Vanadium is a hard, silvery grey, ductile, and malleable transition metal. As we know, Atomic number = Number of proton. The atomic wt. Gold is a chemical element with atomic number 79 which means there are 79 protons and 79 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Indium is In. But, different isotopes, an element with a different numbers of neutrons than usual, have different numbers of neutrons. The chemical symbol for Rubidium is Rb. . is done on EduRev Study Group by Class 11 Students. The other primary method of producing oxygen is passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves, which absorbs the nitrogen and delivers a gas stream that is 90% to 93% oxygen. How many neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom of oxygen? Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Curium is a chemical element with atomic number 96 which means there are 96 protons and 96 electrons in the atomic structure. The atomic mass is the mass of an atom. So, The number of proton = 8. Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in many zirconium minerals. Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas. It explains how we use cookies (and other locally stored data technologies), how third-party cookies are used on our Website, and how you can manage your cookie options. Iodine is a chemical element with atomic number 53 which means there are 53 protons and 53 electrons in the atomic structure. 1.08 × 10^27 neutrons. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color. Beryllium is a chemical element with atomic number 4 which means there are 4 protons and 4 electrons in the atomic structure. Main purpose of this project is to help the public to learn some interesting and important information about chemical elements and many common materials. Zirconium is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. Thallium is a chemical element with atomic number 81 which means there are 81 protons and 81 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Tantalum is Ta. The atomic mass is carried by the atomic nucleus, which occupies only about 10-12 of the total volume of the atom or less, but it contains all the positive charge and at least 99.95% of the total mass of the atom.